What must an assembly do to be considered unlawful?

To be classified as unlawful, an assembly must engage in conduct that disturbs the peace tumultuously. This refers to actions that create significant disruption, noise, or chaos, which may hinder the public's ability to engage in their normal activities or create a threat to public safety. Law enforcement and governing bodies have an interest in preserving public order, so when an assembly crosses the line into tumultuous behavior, it is seen as violating laws related to public gatherings.

In contrast, helping the community, supporting local authorities, or even gathering for a public event are generally activities that align with lawful assemblies, as long as they do not involve the aforementioned tumultuous behaviors. Engaging in peaceful, organized activities that do not disrupt the peace is typically protected under the rights to free assembly and free speech.